Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko ngesikhathi sokomisa amakhambi ukuba nomswakama omningi, ovame ukudlula u-70%. Ngesikhathi sokukhetha, ukuthutha, ukugcina, nokudayisa, uma kungaphathwanga kahle, izinto ziyobola futhi zonakale. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, kulindeleke ukuthi ukulahleka kungafinyelela ku-35%-45%.

Izinzuzo zesixazululo sokomisa somshini wokomisa nokukhipha umswakama we-Naisda

(1) Uhlelo lokulawula oluzenzakalelayo lungakhetha izinga lokushisa lomswakama elifanele ngokuya ngezidingo zenqubo yemikhiqizo ehlukene, kuxazululwa ngokuphelele izinkinga ezifana nesikhathi eside sokomisa, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amaningi okukhona kwezinye izindlela zokomisa. Kunokubaluleka okungaphezu kokulinganiswa.

(2) Ukusetshenziswa kwama-fan e-centrifugal asebenza kahle kuqinisekisa amandla omoya aqinile, ukusatshalaliswa komoya okulinganayo, nomsindo ophansi. Lokhu kwenza izinto zome ngokulinganayo futhi ngokushesha.

(3) Ngesikhathi sokomisa, izinto azishintshi, azikhubazi, azishintshi umbala, aziboli, aziboli, noma azilimazi. Ukumiswa kuyaqedwa, futhi impahla yokubuyisa amanzi ngemuva kokumiswa iyinhle. Ukulahleka kwezinto ezithuthukisa impilo kubuncane. Isikhathi sokugcina side, futhi kuvikela kangcono umbala, iphunga, ukunambitheka, ukuma, nezingxenye ezisebenzayo zomkhiqizo omisiwe.

(4) Umklamo wonke weyunithi uhlanganisiwe, futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuxhuma nje imishayo kanye nomthombo wamandla endaweni. Ukusebenza kulula. Uma amapharamitha esethiwe, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo kungafinyelelwa, futhi ukwethembeka kuphezulu.

(5) Kudinga utshalomali oluncane futhi kunikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Ingaguqulwa kusetshenziswa iziko elidala, amagaraji, njll., futhi ingasuswa ukuze kugcinwe indawo. Kulula futhi kulula.

Isigaba sokomisa esinokushisa okungaguquki

Isomisi esishisayo esiphezulu seNaisida sithatha cishe amahora angu-5-6 ukushisa. Ngemuva kokufakwa egumbini lokwelapha, izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-60℃ kungakapheli amahora amabili. Inhloso ukwenza amasaladi amasha afinyelele izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kungakapheli amahora ama-2. Inqubo yesikhathi eside futhi iyinqubo yokunonga nokuvubela kwenyama, engalawula inyama ukuthi ingashintshi umbala noma ukunambitheka. Ngemuva kokushisa kuqala, izinga lokushisa lilungiswa ku-45-50℃, futhi umswakama uphakathi kwebanga lika-50-55%. Phakathi kwalesi sigaba, umswakama ongaphezulu uyanyamalala, futhi umbala usuka kumhlophe okumpunga ube bomvu obulula. Lesi sigaba yisikhathi sokushintsha kombala. Bese, amasaladi ayakhiwa egumbini lokwelapha, amakhanda awo namatshwele ayajikijelwa futhi alengiswe, futhi abuyiselwa egumbini lokwelapha ukuze angene esigabeni sesibili senqubo yokomisa amasaladi.

2. Isigaba sokomisa esihamba kancane

Inqubo ihlala amahora angu-15 kuya kwangu-18, ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: isigaba sokubala imibala nesigaba sokunciphisa nokulungisa. Phakathi kwesigaba sokubala imibala, izinga lokushisa lilawulwa ku-52-54℃ amahora angu-4-6, nomswakama ugcinwa ku-45%. I-sausage kancane kancane isuka bomvu obulula ibe bomvu obukhanyayo, futhi ikesi liqala ukuncipha. Ukugwema ukuthi ingaphezulu lekesi libe khona uqweqwe oluqinile, ngemuva kwesigaba sokubala imibala, izindlela zokupholisa nge-ventilation kufanele zisetshenziswe ekucubunguleni. Isomisi somswakama siyayeka ukushisa, imbobo yokuphuma ivulwa ukuze kukhishwe umoya oshisayo nomswakama, futhi umoya abandayo unezelwa ukuze kuqiniswe umoya abandayo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu le-sausage lehle ngokushesha, kusize ukudluliswa komswakama kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-anus kuya ngaphezulu. Isigaba sokunciphisa nokulungisa sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: isigaba sokunciphisa nokulungisa. Sihlala amahora angu-11-12. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, inani lamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-sausage liyaqhubeka nokuncipha, futhi i-sausage iyancipha kakhulu. Ingaphezulu libonakala lingalingani. Isimo esijwayelekile sinqunywa ngokuyisisekelo. Esigabeni esimaphakathi sokunciphisa nokulungisa, okungukuthi, amahora angu-5-6 ngemuva kokuqala kokunciphisa nokulungisa, indlela yokupholisa nge-air ebandayo yengxenye yesigamu sehora isetshenziswa ukudambisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kokushisa komswakama ongaphezulu nokudluliswa komswakama wangaphakathi. Ekupheleni kokunciphisa nokulungisa, kuyaqedwa.

3. Isigaba sokomisa esisheshayo

Kulesi sigaba, isici esinqumayo esikhawulela isivinini sokomisa izinga lokushisa. Ukuthuthukisa isivinini sokomisa, izinga lokushisa linyuswa libe ngu-55-60℃, futhi isikhathi sokomisa silawulwa amahora angu-22-24. Umswakama ohlobene ugcinwa cishe ku-35%, futhi okuqukethwe kokugcina komswakama we-sausage kulawulwa ngaphansi kwe-17%.

Inqubo yokomisa yezinto zobuciko

Ubuchwepheshe bokomisa izinto zobuciko zobumba ngokuvamile busebenzisa indlela yokomisa ngomoya oshisayo. Imithombo yamandla ihlanganisa ukushiswa kwegesi yemvelo, ukushiswa kwama-brikhi, kanye neziko likagesimende. Noma kunjalo, inqubo yokomisa yinde, okuholela ekujikelezeni okuncane kwemali, ukungafani okuncane, futhi isithando somile sezinto zobumba sinesikhala esikhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu. Indlela yokomisa ngokushesha ngomoya oshisayo ishintsha umoya wokomisa ngokuya ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zobumba kanye nezinga lazo lokomisa, igcina umoya wokomisa ongcono kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwandisa isivinini sokomisa. Igumbi lokomisa ngokushesha elilawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo lokushisa nomswakama linezici ezilandelayo:

Isikhala sincane, kodwa impendulo iyashesha futhi ukunemba kuphezulu lapho kulungiswa izinto.

② Izindlela ezihlukene zokomisa zingasethwa ngokuya ngesimo sezinto zokusetshenziswa.

③ Ilawulwa ngamakhompyutha okulawula izimboni, lolu hlelo luneziqu eziphakeme zokuzenzakalela, kunciphisa izinto zamaphutha omuntu. Isivinini sokomisa sezinto zokusetshenziswa siphezulu. Lolu hlelo lwakhiwa izingxenye eziyisithupha: isakhiwo sezindlu, isithando somoya oshisayo, uhlelo lokusabalalisa umoya, uhlelo lokugxambukela, uhlelo lokulawula, kanye nohlelo lomswakama.

Umswakama wezinto zobumba ngokuvamile usukela ku-5% kuye ku-25%. Umswakama womzimba wakhiwa umswakama wokulingana kanye nomswakama wamahhala. Ngaphansi kwesimo somoya esithile, umkhawulo wokomisa ukwenza umzimba ufinyelele umswakama wokulingana. Amanzi okulingana yingxenye yamanzi aboshwe. Ubukhulu bawo buya ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa kanye nomswakama ohlobene womoya wokomisa. Lapho amanzi aboshwe esuswa, ivolumu yomzimba ayihlehlisi, okuyinto ephephile.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokomisa ezizinzile, kukhona ubudlelwano obuthile phakathi kwezinga lokushisa elingaphezulu, umswakama, isivinini sokomisa kanye nesikhathi sezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngokusekelwe ezicini eziguquguqukayo zalobu budlelwano, inqubo yokomisa ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu: isigaba sokushisa, isigaba sokomisa esiqhubekayo, kanye nesigaba sokomisa esihlehlisayo.

Isigaba sokushisa

Ngoba ukushisa okudluliselwa umoya wokomisa ebusweni bomzimba wobumba ngesikhathi esithile kukhulu kunokushisa okudliwa ukuze kuqubuke umswakama ongaphambili, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu elishisayo likhuphuka kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho lifana nezinga lokushisa le-wet-bulb lomoya wokomisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa okutholwa yindawo kanye nokushisa okudliwa ukuze kuqubuke kufinyelela ibhalansi enamandla, futhi izinga lokushisa lihlala njalo. Phakathi kwalesi sigaba, umswakama womzimba wobumba uyancipha futhi isivinini sokomisa siyanda.

2. Isigaba sokomisa esiqhubekayo

Phakathi kwalesi sigaba, amanzi angaboshwanga asakhishwa. Ngenxa yomswakama omkhulu emzimbeni oluhlaza, inani la manzi aqhumayo ebusweni libonisa ukuthi mangaki amanzi angakwazi ukubuyiselwa ngaphakathi. Okungukuthi, isivinini samanzi esihamba ngaphakathi emzimbeni (isivinini sokudonsa sangaphakathi) sifana nesivinini sokuqubuka kwamanzi ebusweni futhi sifana nesivinini sokudonsa sangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, indawo ihlala inomswakama. Lapho isigaba sokomisa esiqhubekayo siphela, umswakama wezinto wehlela enanini elibalulekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, nakuba ingaphakathi lezinto lisenawo amanzi angaboshwanga, amanzi aboshwe aqala ukubonakala endaweni engaphezulu.

3. Isigaba sokomisa esihlehlisayo

Phakathi kwalesi sigaba, umswakama wezinto zokusetshenziswa uyancipha. Isivinini sokudonsa sangaphakathi asikwazi ukuhambisana nesivinini sokuqubuka kwamanzi angaphezulu kanye nesivinini sokudonsa sangaphandle. Indawo ayisahlali inomswakama, futhi isivinini sokomisa siyancipha kancane kancane. Ngenxa yokuncipha kokushisa okudingekayo ukuze kuqubuke umswakama ongaphambili, izinga lokushisa lezinto liqala ukukhuphuka kancane kancane. Ingcindezi yomusi wamanzi ebusweni bezinto iphansi kunezingcindezi zomusi ezisathelisiwe ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezulu. Lesi sigaba sokususa amanzi aboshwe. Izinto azihlehlisi ivolumu futhi azikhiqizi imfucuza eyomile. Lapho isivinini sokuqubuka kwamanzi sezinto sehlela ukulingana nokuqukethwe umswakama wokulingana, isivinini sokomisa siba zero futhi inqubo yokomisa iyayeka.

Amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwacabange lapho womisa izinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle

1. Izinga lokushisa - Ukumisa izinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle ngokuvamile kudinga izinga lokushisa eliphansi ukuze kugwenywe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuthi lingathinti ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo eyomile.

2. Umswakama - Uswakama olujwayelekile lwezinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle luphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula inani lokukhishwa komswakama kuyinto ebalulekile ekunqumeni ikhwalithi yenqubo yokumisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba umswakama ezinhlanzi noma ezilwaneni zasolwandle uqukethe amafutha namafutha, ukukhipha amanzi kunzima kakhulu, futhi ukulawula isivinini sokukhipha amanzi kubalulekile.

3. Isikhathi sokumisa - Inqubo yokumisa izinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle ngokuvamile ithatha isikhathi eside. Ukumisa ngokushesha ngokuvamile kungathinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo owomile.

4. Umbala - Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umbala wezinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle ezomisiwe.

5. Umoya ovunguzayo - Ezimweni zokumisa imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi noma izilwane zasolwandle, ngokuvamile kudingeka umoya ovunguzayo omningi, futhi isivinini somoya kufanele sibe phezulu ukuze kugwenywe umusi wamanzi ungahlali phezu kwezinto.

Ukhuni luqukethe inani elithile lokufingqa. Inani lokufingqa okhunini liyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesihlahla, ubudala besihlahla, kanye nesikhathi sokuvuna. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezinto ezenziwe ngokhuni kanye nemikhiqizo yazo nokwandisa impilo yazo yokusebenza, izinyathelo ezifanele kumele zithathwe ukunciphisa okuqukethwe umswakama (umsakazo othize) okhunini kuye kwinani elithile. Ukwehlisa okuqukethwe umswakama okhunini, izinga lokushisa lokhuni kumele likhuphuke, kubangele umswakama okhunini ukuba uphele futhi uhambe ngaphandle. Kugelezo lomoya elithile, umswakama uphuma okhunini ngokushesha ukuze kufezeke umgomo wokomisa. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokhuni olomile, umswakama wendawo yokomisa (njengomoya ofingqayo osasetshenziswa njengamanje) kumele futhi ulawulwe ukuze kufezeke umphumela wokomisa ukhuni ngokushesha nangokwekhwalithi ephezulu.

Isimo samanje sokomisa ipayipi lephepha / irayili lephepha

Iimfama ezinkulu zisebenzisa amagumbi okomisa ngombane, anokuthi atye umbane kakhulu kwaye abe neendleko eziphezulu.

2. Indlela yokomisa ngombane inobushushu obuphakamileyo, obunokubangela ukuba ubushushu bungalingani kwi-tube yephepha / i-shaft yephepha, kubangele ukugoba, ukwahlula kunye nokwahlula, kwaye nokuba kunamathele okanye umlilo kwiimeko ezinzima.

3. Ubomi becandelo eliqhelekileyo lokufudumeza yinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu, kwaye ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kuyimfuneko.

4. Ezinye iimfama zisebenzisa umphunga ukokomisa. Ngenxa yokungalawulwa kakuhle kobushushu bomphunga, kulula ukubangela ukuba ubushushu buphakame kakhulu, kubangele imiba yomgangatho ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa.

5. Iimfama ezincinci zisebenzisa iindlela ezinjengokomisa ilanga okanye ukumisa umoya. Isiyobisi sokuvelisa side kwaye ukusebenza kuncinci. Zichatshazelwa kakhulu yimozulu kwaye azikwazi ukuvelisa ngokuqhubekayo. Uxinzelelo lomsebenzi luphezulu kwaye umgangatho wokomisa kunzima ukulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ezimbalwa

1. Ubushushu - Ubushushu bokomisa iityhubhu zephepha buphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-45 ℃.

2. Ukufuma - Iityhubhu zephepha zinexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu lokufuma. Igloo esetyenziselwa ukubeka iityhubhu zephepha kunye neenjongo zokubopha ikhona. Ukulawula ukususwa kokufuma kunokunceda ukonga amandla.

3. Ixesha lokomisa - Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokomisa inkqubo eqhubekayo liqhele ukuba phakathi kweeyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-10; oku kuchatshazelwa kakhulu yidiameter kunye nobukhulu betyhubhu yephepha, kunye neempawu zegloo.

4. Ukuqondisa / Ukujikeleza - Kwiimveliso ezininzi zetyhubhu yephepha, ukugcina uqondiso kunye nokujikeleza kwetyhubhu yephepha emva kokomisa kubaluleke kakhulu; ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa, ukugoba kwicala le-axial kunye ne-radial letyhubhu yephepha kufuneka kulawulwe.

5. Ukuqina / Amandla - Oku kukwakhona inkomba ebalulekileyo yomgangatho wetyhubhu yephepha.